Today the company is simply called Aigle. Hutchinson bought the patent to manufacture footwear and moved to France to establish À l'Aigle ("to the Eagle") in 1853, to honour his home country.
However, in 1852 Hiram Hutchinson met Charles Goodyear, who had just invented the sulfur vulcanisation process for natural rubber. Wellington boots were at first made of leather. Wellington is one of the two British Prime Ministers to have given his name to an item of clothing, the other being Sir Anthony Eden (see Anthony Eden hat) whilst Sir Winston Churchill gave his name to a cigar, and William Gladstone (four times prime minister between 18) gave his to the Gladstone Bag, the classic doctor's portmanteau. In the 1850s they were more commonly made in the calf-high version, and in the 1860s they were both superseded by the ankle boot, except for riding.
Considered fashionable and foppish in the best circles and worn by dandies, such as Beau Brummell, they remained the main fashion for men through the 1840s. Wellington's utilitarian new boots quickly caught on with patriotic British gentlemen eager to emulate their war hero. In the 1815 portrait by James Lonsdale, the Duke can be seen wearing the more formal Hessian style boots, which are tasselled. The boot was dubbed the Wellington and the name has stuck in English ever since. It was suitably hard-wearing for riding, yet smart enough for informal evening wear. The heels were low cut, stacked around an inch (2.5 centimetres), and the boot stopped at mid-calf. The resulting new boot was fabricated in soft calfskin leather, had the trim removed and was cut to fit more closely around the leg. James's Street, London, to modify the 18th-century Hessian boot. The Duke of Wellington instructed his shoemaker, Hoby of St. Here he is portrayed wearing tasselled Hessian boots These boots require thermal socks to be worn underneath as the rubber does not provide enough warmth.
Sailing wear includes short and tall sailing wellingtons with non-marking, slip-resistant soles to avoid damage to a boat's deck. The "Wellington" is a common and necessary safety or hygiene shoe in diverse industrial settings: for heavy industry with an integrated reinforced toe protection from mud and grime in mines, from chemical spills in chemical plants and from water, dirt, and mud in horticultural and agricultural work and serving the high standard of hygiene required in food processing plants, operating theatres, and dust-free clean rooms for electronics manufacture. They are generally just below knee-high although shorter boots are available. They are usually worn when walking on wet or muddy ground, or to protect the wearer from heavy showers and puddles. Wellington boots in contemporary usage are waterproof and are most often made from rubber or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a halogenated polymer. Clockwise from top: Sperry Top-Sider, Le Chameau, Jeantex, Aigle, Gill, Helly-Hansen and Newport short and tall rubber sailing wellingtons.
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